The indelible bond between human and dog is deeply embedded in our culture, a recurring theme expressed most decisively in the (hu)man’s best friend motif that appears in everything from marketing materials to novels and movies. But where did this idea come from? Why dogs instead of cats, parrots, or hamsters? Humans share strong bonds with many kinds of animal and will keep almost anything, including roaches and snakes, as pets. Yet, our connection to canines appears particularly pronounced--to the extent that many people genuinely believe you cannot trust anyone who doesn't like dogs. In this post, we look at a recent comparative study of this topic. By the end, you might be surprised to find that the human-canine connection is not merely a social concept but actually has evolutionary origins. THE STUDYIn a recent study researchers used The Strange Situation Test to examine the bond between dogs and their owners. This test involves placing puppies in an unfamiliar environment with their permanent (at least partially bonded) owner and a stranger, then replicating the procedure with pigs. By drawing from a large pool of test subjects and contrasting the behaviors of the dogs with the behaviors of the pigs, they sought to identify the distinguishing dynamics of the human-canine bond. The three main factors that the researchers considered were:
ITS FINDINGSThrough the Strange Situation Test, the scientists recorded striking differences between companion dogs and their pig equivalents. While the pigs displayed no notable changes in the way they interacted with the human subjects, the dogs showed definitive attachment-specific behaviors, scoring significantly higher on this factor, and therefore suggesting a stronger connection with the bonded human. In other words, the pig’s interactions with their owners did not change during the experiment, while the dogs drew closer to theirs. Scientists concluded that the presence of a stranger in an unfamiliar environment prompted the puppies to seek safety, while the pigs remained mostly ambivalent. INSIGHTS AND CONCLUSIONSFrom these observations, the researchers concluded that in addition to species-specific inclinations, evolutionary adaptation has imbued canines with an innate, instinctual tendency to form strong bonds with humans, even at an early age when they have not yet been fully conditioned to rely on their owner. They believe this dog-owner attachment is not a product of domestication, but rather a case of artificial selection, which may also affect the human side of the relationship. Indeed, pet owners in general, and dog owners specifically, draw numerous health benefits from their animals. Did You Know: Dog ownership has been proven to slow or reverse the effects of cognitive decline. Check out this article to find out more. While attachment tendencies may not be purely genetic, centuries of learned behavior have created a unique, apriori bond between canine and human, which is realized at an early stage of development. This is analogous to the infant-mother bond, which grows stronger and faster than any other human relationship. Image by Fran • @mallorcadogphotography from Pixabay ANOTHER STUDYThe results of a second experiment strengthen these conclusions. Here, researchers gathered sleep electroencephalography (EEG) readings from 42 dogs, half of which took an afternoon nap with their bonded-owner and the other half of which slept alone—again in an unfamiliar environment. The EEG data showed that the dogs with their owner present suffered less stress and anxiety from the strange environment and thus slept more deeply and for a longer length of time. They Again, the origins of this test are rooted in similar studies of babies with their mothers. Image by Hoàng_Thạch Nguyễn from Pixabay NOT JUST A CONSTRUCTIONThere is much work to be done to fully understand the powerful bond between humans and canines, but these early tests lay a solid foundation for future studies, pointing scientists towards the probability that the relationship is not a social construct, but has a basis in evolutionary biology, in particular artificial selection. Hopefully, these findings will resonate with dog owners of all persuasions, strengthening their relationship with their animal as they realize the bond goes deeper than mere socialization. Humans and dogs have evolved to be together. It really is encoded in their biology.
At PAWS/LA we are excited to see what comes next. Written and researched by Grace Okafor. Developed and edited by Ryan Hilary Like many other organizations, we at PAWS/LA place enormous value on all our volunteers. They are crucial contributors to the effectiveness of our institution, often proving instrumental in executing our projects and initiatives. In short, we couldn’t do what we do without the many volunteers who donate their time and resources on a regular basis. But what does volunteering mean? What are its benefits? What impact do volunteers actually deliver? In this article, guest writer Grace Okafor explores the concept of volunteerism, uncovering its meaning and implications, and examining the substantial influence it can have on the non-profits that rely on it. What is VOLUNTEERISM?Volunteerism is the act of contributing free labor to conduct service or support for a nonprofit organization. Volunteering is similar to a job in that the volunteer willingly lends their effort and expertise to a company or organization, but differs in that compensation is not expected; there is no exchange of labor for pay. When an individual volunteers, they do so based on a willingness to aid those in need, to give back to a community or aid a higher purpose. To volunteer is to give up time, resources, and skills for a cause you care about. While valuable work experience may be a side benefit of volunteer work, it is not usually the principle draw, often secondary to a deep-seeded commitment to the cause at hand. People often exchange labor for pay in industries and organizations they do not care about, and some professional skills are developed solely to increase an individual’s professional market value, not because they enjoy the work itself. One can volunteer in a wide variety of ways, from working on-site, to assisting from the comfort of their own home. In both cases, they are lending a helping hand in some fashion to help those who need it most. WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF VOLUNTEERING?Volunteering has a truly vast array of benefits, some tangible, others more abstract, transforming the volunteer from the inside out. I have had the privilege of volunteering in several different industries around Los Angeles, including childcare, the elementary school system, medical clinics, public foundations, and human-service nonprofits. I can personally testify to how revitalizing and fulfilling it is to assist organizations that need help, and to see how this directly impacts the surrounding community. Observing this process motivates me to do more to help those in need and provides a sense of belonging and purpose within a wider community. Volunteering has also influenced my future career path, making me determined to use my interests in law, history, and public policy to benefit vulnerable and disenfranchised communities. In short, volunteerism has impacted my life for the better, providing fulfillment, happiness, validation, motivation, and purpose. It has inspired my thinking, future goals, and new career aspirations. It has even helped heal certain parts of my inner self. WHAT IMPACT DO VOLUNTEERS HAVE?The total impact that volunteers have on the organizations they serve is difficult to quantify. Few organizations measure volunteer productivity in the same way they might with a salaried employee. Nonetheless, volunteers often take on roles that the organization couldn’t otherwise afford to fill, and in such cases become as important as any paid worker. Volunteers can execute tasks that simply wouldn’t be possible without their involvement, enabling organizations to create new positions within their overall structure. But even in less extreme situations, which require a more casual level of participation, volunteers lighten the workload of often underfunded and overworked teams and enable them to function at a higher level. If not outright enabling a certain process or project, volunteers are almost certainly increasing its efficiency. In this respect, volunteer talent undoubtedly helps organizations expand their scope, reaching increased numbers of people in need and accomplishing more with the resources they have. Less measurable is the decisive human component of volunteer impact, especially when the volunteer is positioned in a forward-facing role, interacting directly with the community. In many cases, volunteers directly touch lives. Non-profits often offer a gleam of hope in this difficult world. By taking even an hour out of their day, a volunteer can amplify the reach and effectiveness of this hope. CONCLUSION:Volunteerism has a significant impact on a number of levels. For the volunteer, the act of giving time and effort often has a transformative effect on their own being, constituting an important stretch of their personal journey towards better personhood. For organizations, the volunteer helps determine what is possible, expanding the scope and effectiveness of existing operations and enabling new initiatives to penetrate broader landscapes of need. For the more vulnerable members of our social order, there is maybe nothing more sustaining than witnessing the sheer humanity of someone who cares enough to help without immediate reward—not to mention the practical benefits of being aided by the kind of well-run, highly-functional organization that volunteers help enable. But the option of volunteering is also a privilege, usually more accessible to those with a reasonably wide latitude of socioeconomic freedom--those who have the time and resources to donate (although many will make considerable sacrifices in time, energy and financial security to break down barriers and "do their part"). The flip side is a richer, more ethically sustainable human experience and a more stable society for all. Make no mistake, anyone can transform lives. Many organizations like Paws/LA are actively looking for volunteers, and it is so easy to get involved! You can go to your chosen organization’s website and look out for messages about volunteering or contact venues via social media, phone, email, or mail. Volunteerism is a transformative experience for everyone involved — let's go out in the world and make it a better place!
To volunteer with Paws/LA, email [email protected] or check here for more info. At PAWS/LA it’s our mission to help support our clients with the financial and organizational challenges of pet ownership. Those we work with share an indelible bond with their pets and are committed to offering them the best possible life. The worst possible case is that somebody with this level of dedication and commitment would be forced to part with their companion animal due to difficulties that are beyond their control. We make sure these pet owners can meet their own high standards of pet ownership. But it’s not always easy—even if you don’t face financial hardship or physical limitations. Responsible pet ownership goes beyond providing food, shelter, and veterinary care; it encompasses a commitment to their well-being, behavior training, and environmental impact. In this blog post, we will delve into the core principles of responsible pet ownership, offering valuable insights and practical tips to help you become the kind of pet parent we see our clients, volunteers and other members of the PAWS/LA family try to be. Meeting Basic Needs The foundation of responsible pet ownership lies in meeting your pet's basic needs. These include proper nutrition, access to clean water, a safe and comfortable living environment, and regular veterinary care. Ensure you provide a balanced and appropriate diet based on your pet's species, age, and health requirements. Regular check-ups, vaccinations, and preventive treatments will keep your pet healthy and protect them from diseases. Create a safe and secure environment for your pet by pet-proofing your home, removing hazards, and providing appropriate containment if necessary. Provide a cozy bed, toys for mental stimulation, and a designated area for them to retreat to when they need space. Regular grooming and hygiene practices, such as bathing and nail trimming, are essential to maintain your pet's well-being. BEHAVIORAL TRAININGResponsible pet ownership involves investing time and effort in behavioral training. Proper training not only enhances your pet's quality of life but also promotes a harmonious relationship between you and your furry friend. Start with basic obedience training, including commands like sit, stay, and come. Positive reinforcement techniques, such as treats and praise, work wonders in encouraging desired behavior. Socialization is vital for pets to develop good manners and interact well with other animals and people. Gradually introduce your pet to new experiences, environments, and individuals, ensuring positive interactions throughout the process. Training should also address common behavioral issues like excessive barking, chewing, or aggression. Seek professional help if needed, as behavior problems can often be addressed effectively with guidance from a qualified trainer or behaviorist. Physical and mental stimulationPets require regular exercise and mental stimulation to lead healthy and happy lives. Dogs, for instance, need daily walks, playtime, and opportunities for socializing with other dogs. Cats, on the other hand, benefit from interactive toys, scratching posts, and vertical spaces for climbing. Enrichment activities like puzzle toys, food-dispensing toys, and training sessions engage your pet's mind and prevent boredom. Consider your pet's specific needs and energy levels when designing an exercise routine. Engaging in activities together not only strengthens the bond between you and your pet but also promotes their overall well-being. Remember, a tired pet is often a well-behaved pet! environmental responsibilityResponsible pet ownership extends beyond the confines of your home. Consider the environmental impact of your pet and take steps to minimize it. Dispose of pet waste properly, preferably in designated areas or with biodegradable bags. Clean up after your pet during walks to ensure cleanliness and prevent the spread of diseases. Choose eco-friendly pet products, including biodegradable poop bags, natural grooming supplies, and sustainable pet toys. Opt for eco-conscious pet food brands that use sustainable sourcing practices and packaging. more than the essentialsBeing a responsible pet owner entails more than just providing the essentials; it requires dedication, patience, and a genuine love for your pet. By meeting their basic needs, investing in training, providing stimulation, and considering the environmental impact, you can ensure your pet leads a happy and healthy life. Responsible pet ownership not only benefits your furry companion but also fosters a more compassionate and sustainable society. So, embrace the responsibilities of pet ownership and cherish the incredible bond you share with your beloved pet.
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AUTHORSOur blog is managed by Ryan Hilary with additional contributions from our awesome volunteers and supporters. Are you a member of our community and have a great idea for a post (or maybe want to write one yourself?). Reach out to [email protected]. Archives
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